Family Genogram Project Essay examples - 3555 Words

Narrative Family Counseling Approach Research Paper Keltic University Abstract Narrative therapy is a social constructive philosophical approach to psychotherapy that has been developed to help clients deconstruct their negative and self-defeating life stories while rebuilding healthy and positive life stories through the use of various techniques. This paper will discuss the leading figures, some concepts and techniques, ethics, some similarities and dissimilarities of other theories compared to Narrative therapy. This paper will also address my personal integration of faith regarding the theory of Narrative therapy. Narrative Family Counseling Approach Research Paper Part One: The roots of family therapy emerged out of†¦show more content†¦Since the first principle declared by any code of ethics is to do no additional harm to the client; it will be necessary for the therapist to advise the clients of NT practices since it tends to be separate from traditional theories. In addition, because NT deals with â€Å"difficult issues and storytelling; the therapist must respect the client’s boundaries and the confidentiality of the family and its narratives, inform the family that each family member’s territory and emotional grounding is just as important, and should identify the primary client at times of dysfunction† (Miller, 2009, p. 157, 158). A main key concept of NT is that the problem a client presents with is viewed separate from the client. The problem is not the person; it is something the person has. Therefore, the goal of NT is to change the effects resulting from the problem and not the person t hemselves. To do this, NT uses the technique of externalizing the problem. To externalize the problem, the problem is first given a name and then it is explored and applied to the clients believes, values, behaviors, and ideals that has formed the clients identity. The negative aspects of these areas get rewritten into the new story. The process of externalizing the problem allows the client to see their problem separate from themselves so they can betterShow MoreRelatedFamily Genogram1258 Words   |  6 PagesPSYC 2103 Genogram Project A genogram is a type of family tree, but with more detailed information. It is often used as a diagnostic and assessment tool by physicians or counselors to obtain individual and family history in order to help in the establishment of a diagnosis and treatment plan. This semester, you will have the opportunity to construct a family genogram for informational purposes. You will develop a genogram, documenting information from both sides of your family (maternalRead MoreFamily Psychology : Are A Proper Tool Be Used947 Words   |  4 PagesIn family psychology genograms are a proper tool be used. Using a genogram can help figure out patterns that have occurred in a family with the future, present, and the past. Therapist and clinicians uses the genograms for many reasons. According to Butler (2008), â€Å"As a method to track and monitor family pat-terns, the genogram clarifies information about the family in a broader context† (p.175). Genograms help an individual and families have visual picture of healthy and unhealthy patterns thatRead MoreGenogram: Family and Grandmother Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Genogram Project Liberty University Family Genogram Project The purpose of a student construing a genogram is to help a student gain an understanding of his/her family background. By gaining knowledge of one family it can help the student assist other understand how to help their clients. However, genograms backbone is a graphic depiction of how different family member are biologically, legally, and emotionally related to one another from one generation to the next (McGoldrickRead MoreGraduation Speech : Honors And Integrity Statement1555 Words   |  7 Pages BLOOD SPEAKS ITSELF A Genogram Paper Honors and Integrity Statement I certify that this Genogram Paper is my own written work and that I have not copied from any other student, text or source in a manner that would violate the rules of plagiarism outlined by Nursing 7 and San Joaquin Delta College. I realize that a violation of the rules of plagiarism will result in a course failure and possible dismissal from the college. Read MoreCase Study : Family Systems Theory943 Words   |  4 PagesA family rarely enters therapy with the clear-cut idea of where exactly it’s problem lie, and the therapist’s job during the first interview is to organize the facts and the characteristics of the family and analyze the emotional process in a way that locates the trouble spots in the relationship system. The choice of a particular method of evaluation depends on the ideology of the therapist, as well as the state of the family that enters therapy. In family systems theory, the family isRead MoreMy Best Friend B. Jr.852 Words   |  4 Pages Genogram When selecting a family for this project, I looked for a family that had a large complexity in within each generation. I decided to interview my best friend B. Gibson Jr. A little history about Mr. Gibson. Mr. Gibson is a junior to his father. He is 43 years of age. Is in his second marriage for 15 years with to P. S. Gibson. They have 4 children, a set of twin’s boys that are 15 and two girls ages 13 and 12. B. G. Jr., is a retired military veteran of 15 years with a degreeRead MoreTheories And Principles Of Murray Bowen s Family Systems Theory1555 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Murray Bowens family systems theory focuses on ordering and defining relationships and conceptualizes the potential for growth within humans (Metcalf, 2011, p. 39). With this is mind this report aims to explore the history, concepts and principles of Murray Bowen’s family systems theory as well as apply these concepts to a case study regarding the Aleppo family. Firstly this report will explore the historical origins of Bowen’s theory followed by a description of the 8 main conceptsRead MoreMy Family s Project : My Life Essay4373 Words   |  18 PagesMy Family Genogram Project As I endured the prospect of creating a genogram, I allowed myself to reflect and interpret the history and impacts that affected my family. During my review of my genogram, I was able to consider my family within a multigenerational, diverse, and socio-political context. By creating a genogram, a dialogue was started within my head and with my partner about which family traits, issues, strengths, and resiliencies made me who I am today. Subsequently, this dialogue madeRead MoreEssay on Family Analysis Project951 Words   |  4 PagesFamily Analysis Project Introduction I selected the family of A.G which is based on personal acquaintance for this project. I will complete a comprehensive analysis using the criteria that I will be describing in details in the proceeding paragraphs. These criteria includes description of the nuclear family form, sociocultural data, genogram and Ecomap, environment, communication, power structure, role structure, values, spiritual activities, socialization, adaptation and healthcare. OnceRead MoreThe Impact of Suicide and Drug Related Deaths on the Family Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pagesthe impact on the bereaved. In particular, I wanted to look at families whose loss was contributed to suicide or a drug related death. The CDC also states, with approximately 4600 adolescent suicides each year in the United States, it is the third leading cause of death for that age range. Drug Overdose was the leading cause of injury death in 2010, with it causing more deaths than motor vehicle traffic crashes (CDC Website). Families, who experience the loss of a loved one by suicide or death related

How Technology Has Changed Our Lives - 1657 Words

In an ever-changing society, there is always pressure to accomplish tasks faster. People every day seek to make their lives simpler, live more efficiently, and in turn get more out of the day. Such emerging technologies have helped us make things easier on us in everyday life. When is the last time you saw an infomercial and thought hey I could use that? Consequently, communication has changed and is constantly changing, accelerating the world around us. Just think about how far we have come, and has ever-changed our pace of life. Technology is fueling our way of life, making everyday tasks faster and easier to do. In turn, this gives us more time to do more with the time in the day. Pace of life studies have been used to analyze groups of people. In some form, people’s lives are measured by how quickly they move in society. For example, Professor Richard Wiseman, along with the British council, conducted an experiment where they measure the walking speed of people. This was performed in various areas around the globe to give an accurate portrayal for the pace of life in a city. The study showed that from the 1990s to today, some cities have increased their pace of walking by a substantial margin. Singapore being at the top with a 30% increase. The fastest pace of life in the study was Japan and western countries of Europe. In other words, the more developed the country, the faster their pace of life is going to be. As a result, the slowest was found in underdevelopedShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives910 Words   |  4 PagesIt is amazing how everyone’s life is changing by using technology. Technology by definition means, the bran ch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and pure science.(web). Now a days people use different kinds of technology that brings it to our life like cellphone, iPod, laptop, mp3, and all of the devices create a convenientRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1481 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology, as we know, has completely changed the way every American goes about their daily activities. Today we are able to communicate globally with anyone from any part of the world within seconds, making business and our social lives a million times easier. Look to your left and you will find your cell phone buzzing with missed calls, texts, and social notifications. Look to your right and you will see your emails filling up with the newest offers on fashion or your boss giving you this weeksRead MoreHow Technology Has C hanged Our Lives1698 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology Technology is defined as machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge. Its original use was meant solely for the service of humans, however overtime it has evolved into something much different. What was originally meant to be an assisting piece of machinery has changed almost every aspect of our culture. The way we think, communicate, lie, and even love has been impacted by the use of technology, and all of this is has made for interesting pieces ofRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe friendship with technology today can be called a â€Å"Time Hog† Technology is our friend. That is a statement that could be addressed with many questions. How we used technology today has really affected our lives. People are connected every moment of the day. Everywhere we look there are people talking on their cell phones; at every stop light you see people texting on their device. The same people can be seen checking their phone or browsing the web at every chance they get. People are wastingRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1593 Words   |  7 Pagesfor their food. It used to be that only the rich and noble could read and write. Times have changed, the world has changed, humans have changed. Humans have come a long way since the days of sticks and stone. Today, many people utilize technology as a way to live their life. Almost everyone carries around a smartphone and they rely on it. It is believed that smartphones give more control over their lives. The phone can be used call whoever they want, can be used to listen to whatever they want,Read MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1667 Words   |  7 PagesLeon Zhu Professor Harwood English 1101 8 December 2014 Research Paper One item that has flourished through the decades, and has come to substantially impact our lives is the phone. The first telephone was created in 1876, and as decades passed by, it was replaced by the cellphone, which incorporated the addition of many useful new features. Additional features such as text messaging, a built-in camera, and internet access transformed the people’s perceptions because the add-ons presented more purposeRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1625 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Technology in Healthcare â€Å"Without a doubt, technology is amazing and what will we do without it†. These are the exact words of my husband while changing and playing the lights of our swimming pool through his cell phone. It is a fact that technology has changed our lives in many ways and it is constantly changing. A computer is a great illustration of how technology keeps evolving. About two weeks ago, I was looking for a laptop because my desktop is about to give up on me. The salesRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1606 Words   |  7 PagesA few centuries ago, before technology was underdeveloped due to limited resources and knowledge, communication between countries on the opposite end of the world was extremely slow or not possible. Most people did not know much about other lands, people, and cultures. What people thought they knew about the world was often wrong or inaccurate. However, within the past hundred years, the pace of our technology has accelerated rapidly. Nowadays tr aveling across the globe in less than 24 hours is notRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives900 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology has adapted a lot within our daily lives making it essential to our daily lives! There isn’t a time will technology will end, because there are always ways to adjust old things and keep improving from there, nothing is perfect. Toilets has increased water pressure for a better flush, but before there wasn’t a toilet, toilet paper even! Communication has also changed from verbal to written communication. Vintage phones that connects to a wire, transitioned to wireless with an antenna, andRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1984 Words   |  8 PagesAuthenticity in Medical Technology Stepping in to the 21st century, technology is said to have taken over many of our lives. Technology is now part of our daily routine and without it, our lives won’t be as convenient and easy as it is. In this story Alone Together by Sherry Turkle, technology is seen to have built a relationship between humans and robots. Turkle goes on explaining how dependent humans are towards technology. Turkle questions the substitution of technology towards humans and how this substitution

Edmund Spenser free essay sample

Determine two or more central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text, including how they interact and build on one another to produce a complex account; provide an objective summary of the text. RL 5 Analyze how an author’s choices concerning how to structure specific parts of a text contribute to its overall structure and meaning as well as its aesthetic impact. Sonnet 30 Sonnet 75 Poetry by Edmund Spenser Meet the Author Edmund Spenser 1552? –1599 did you know? Edmund Spenser . . . †¢ worked as a servant to pay for his room and board at college. wrote a satire that was censored because it insulted Queen Elizabeth I and other English notables. Although Edmund Spenser was born in London and educated in England, he spent most of his life in Ireland. It was there that he wrote one of the greatest epic romances in English literature, The Faerie Queene. The poem tells the stories of six knights, each representing a particular moral virtue. Spenser was innovative in devising a new verse form, in mixing features of the Italian romance and the classical epic, and in using archaic English words. Move to Ireland In 1576, Spenser earned een taken from an Irish rebel. Spenser’s friend Sir Walter Raleigh owned a neighboring estate. Second Marriage Spenser’s courtship of a master’s degree from Pembroke College at Cambridge University. Three years later, he published his first important work of poetry, The Shepheardes Calender, which was immediately popular. It consisted of 12 pastoral poems, one for each month of the year. In 1580, Spenser became secretary to the lord deputy of y charged with defending Ireland, who was c from English settlers fro native Irish opposed colonization of Ireland. o England’s colon Spenser wrote the rest of his major poetry in Ireland, and that country’s Irelan landscape and people greatly a influenced his writing. Spenser held various civil Spens service posts during his years in po Ireland. In 1589, he was granted I a large estate surrounding es Kilcolman Castle, which had Kilcolma his second wife, Elizabeth Boyle, inspired him to write a sonnet sequence (a series of related sonnets) called Amoretti, which means â€Å"little love poems. † The details and emotions presented in the sonnets are thought to be partly autobiographical. â€Å"Sonnet 30† and  "Sonnet 75† are part of this sonnet sequence. To celebrate his marriage to Boyle in 1594, Spenser wrote the lyric poem Epithalamion. In 1598, just four years after Spenser’s marriage, Irish rebels overran his estate and burned his home. Spenser and his family had to flee through an underground tunnel. They escaped to Cork, and a few months later, Spenser traveled to London to deliver documents reporting on the problems in Ireland. He died shortly after his arrival in London. In honor of his great literary achievements, Spenser was buried near Geoffrey Chaucer—one of his favorite poets and a major influence—in what is now called the Poets’ Corner of Westminster Abbey. An inscription on Spenser’s monument calls him â€Å"the Prince of Poets in his time. † Author Online Go to thinkcentral. com. KEYWORD: HML12-318 318 poetic form: spenserian sonnet The Spenserian sonnet is a variation on the English sonnet, which was introduced in Britain by Sir Thomas Wyatt in the 1530s. Like the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, the Spenserian sonnet consists of three four-line units, called quatrains, followed by two rhymed lines, called a couplet. Each quatrain addresses the poem’s central idea, thought, or question, and the couplet provides an answer or summation. What is unique to the Spenserian sonnet is the interlocking rhyme scheme (abab bcbc cdcd ee) that links the three quatrains. As you read the following Spenserian sonnets, notice the rhymes that connect one quatrain to the next, and the way in which the sonnet’s main idea is developed and resolved. What makes your heart ache? Love can bring great joy— and great sorrow. Poets and songwriters probably lament the heartache of love as much as they extol its pleasures. Anyone who falls in love knows, or soon finds out, that the ride can be bumpy. DISCUSS Think about all the things that can cause heartache in a loving relationship. Make a web of your ideas. Then share your web with a partner and compare your ideas. reading skill: summarize central ideas in poetry When you summarize a poem, you briefly restate the central ideas or themes in your own words. Summarizing a sonnet’s central ideas can help you understand and remember what you read, especially when the text or language is particularly complicated or difficult to understand. You can break down each quatrain and the couplet and use your own words to summarize the meaning of each part. For each Spenser sonnet, use a chart like the one shown to help you summarize the central ideas in each part of the poem. Sonnet 75† Part of Poem 1st quatrain 2nd quatrain 3rd quatrain couplet Central Idea Whenever I write my beloved’s name in the sand, the waves wash it away. Causes of Heartache separation Complete the activities in your Reader/Writer Notebook. sonnet 30 / sonnet 75 319 son net 30 Edmund Spenser a SUMMARIZE 5 10 My love is like to ice, and I to fire; How comes it then that this her cold so great Is not dissolved through my so hot desire, But harder grows the more I her entreat? a Or how comes it that my exceeding heat Is not delayed by her heart-frozen cold: But that I burn much more in boiling sweat, And feel my flames augmented manifold? What more miraculous thing may be told That fire which all things melts, should harden ice: And ice which is congealed with senseless cold, Should kindle fire by wonderful device. Such is the pow’r of love in gentle mind, That it can alter all the course of kind. What is the central idea in lines 1–4? 8 augmented manifold: greatly increased. 11 congealed: solidified. 14 kind: nature. 320 son net 75 Edmund Spenser 1 strand: beach. 5 10 One day I wrote her name upon the strand, But came the waves and washed it away: Again I wrote it with a second hand, But came the tide, and made my pains his prey. Vain man,† said she, â€Å"that dost in vain assay, A mortal thing so to immortalize. For I myself shall like to this decay, And eke my name be wiped out likewise. Not so,† quod I, â€Å"let baser things devise To die in dust, but you shall live by fame: My verse your virtues rare shall eternize, And in the heavens write your glorious name, Where whenas death shall all the world subdue, Our love shall live, and later life renew. † b 5 assay: try. 8 eke: also. 9 quod: said. b SPENSERIAN SONNET Note the words Spenser uses in his end rhymes. In what ways are they related to the central ideas in this sonnet? onnet 30 / sonnet 75 321 After Reading Comprehension 1. Recall In â€Å"Sonnet 30,† to what does the speaker compare himself and his beloved? 2. Recall In â€Å"Sonnet 75,† what happens when the speaker writes his lover’s name in the sand? 3. Paraphrase In â€Å"Sonnet 75,† how does the speaker’s lover describe him and his actions (lines 5– 6)? RL 2 Determine two or more central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text, including how they interact and build on one another to produce a complex account; provide an objective summary of the text. RL 5 Analyze how an author’s choices concerning how to structure specific parts of a text contribute to its overall structure and meaning as well as its aesthetic impact. L 5a Interpret figures of speech (e. g. , paradox) in context and analyze their role in the text. Text Analysis 4. Identify Paradox A paradox is a statement that seems to contradict ordinary experience but actually reveals a hidden truth. What paradox does Spenser develop in â€Å"Sonnet 30†? 5. Examine Spenserian Sonnet Reread lines 13–14 of â€Å"Sonnet 30. † Does this couplet suggest that the speaker has overcome the heartache expressed in the preceding quatrains? Support your answer. 6. Summarize Central Ideas in Poetry Look over the charts you created as you read. On the basis of the ideas you noted, what would you say is the theme or themes of each poem? 7. Draw Conclusions In these two sonnets, how would you characterize the speaker’s views about the following? †¢ a beloved woman (â€Å"Sonnet 75,† lines 9–12) †¢ romantic love (â€Å"Sonnet 30,† lines 13–14; â€Å"Sonnet 75,† lines 13–14) †¢ the value of his poetry (â€Å"Sonnet 75,† lines 11–14) 8. Compare Texts In â€Å"Sonnet 75,† Spenser allows the speaker’s lover to respond directly to the speaker. Compare her statements with those of the nymph in Raleigh’s â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd† (page 316). In what ways are their responses similar? Text Criticism 9. Critical Interpretations The poet John Hollander has written that some literary scholars have found Spenserian sonnets â€Å"somewhat syrupy beside Shakespeare. † Do you think most contemporary readers would consider these sonnets by Spenser â€Å"syrupy†? Cite examples from the sonnets to support your answer. What makes your heart ache? Heartache, or classic love sickness, is part of falling in love. Why does being â€Å"madly† in love have to involve the sadness of heartache? 22 unit 2: the english renaissance Language grammar in context: Use Sensory Details In â€Å"Sonnet 30,† Spenser reinforces his images of fire and ice by using adjectives and verbs that appeal to the senses. Here is an example: Or how comes it that my exceeding heat Is not delayed by her heart-frozen cold: But that I burn much more in boiling sweat, And feel my ? ames augmented manifold? (lines 5–8) Notice how the adjective boiling and the verb burn intensify the images. Such sensory details are especially effective when applied to subjects such as fire and ice, which have strong sensory associations. Spenser effectively uses these details to heighten the disparity between the two lovers’ feelings. PRACTICE Rewrite each of the following sentences, changing or adding adjectives and verbs to help create stronger sensory images. example L 5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. W 1 Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts. W 3d Use precise words and phrases and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, or characters. As the director posted the final cast list on the board in the school theater, I waited in anticipation. As the director posted the final cast list on the worn corkboard in the school theater, I stood as still as a stone, barely breathing in anticipation. 1. The room filled with applause each time the speaker made a good point. 2. When the movie ended, we walked to our favorite restaurant and discussed what we had just experienced. 3. I remained on the waiting-room couch while my grandfather met with his doctor. reading-writing connection YOUR Expand your understanding of heartache by responding to this prompt.

To what extent was General Custer responsible for the defeat at the Little Bighorn Essay Example

To what extent was General Custer responsible for the defeat at the Little Bighorn Paper My first initial judgement of Custer is that he was very arrogant, ignorant and independent. That he only thinks of himself and his own glory and no one else’s (selfish). He will not listen to anyone but and him self and is willing to put other people before himself even and is not a good leader. I think that he is almost fanatic about the war and unlike other solders, gets excited by it. Custers training and early career Custers image in the US army was that of glamour, dashing, bravery and ambitious. Custer received many demerits and had a bad reputation for being quite sloppy and unconcerned. But he managed to impress General Sheridan due to his recklessness and sheer courage. After the war ended, he was reverted to captain rank, but made him self popular and a daring Indian fighter. He had been court-marshalled in 1867 which suspended him for one year, he successfully returned to the army in 1868. We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent was General Custer responsible for the defeat at the Little Bighorn specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent was General Custer responsible for the defeat at the Little Bighorn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent was General Custer responsible for the defeat at the Little Bighorn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer His record against the Indians prior to 1876 After that he took part in several campaigns against, raising his status as a brave and heroic Indian fighter. For example he first took part in General Winfield Scott Hancocks expedition against the Cheyenne. Marching from Fort Supply, Indian Territory, he successfully attacked an encampment of Cheyenne’s and Arapahos (of 150 warriors and some 50 civilians and 6 white hostages) the Battle of Washita River. This was thought of as the first significant victory against the Indians where a large southern branch of the Indians were forced into reservations. Hostages were freed including 2 boys and a woman called miss Crocker’s. 120 warriors were killed and 20 civilians, but still this infuriated some humanists in the east. This shows that Custer is quite reckless as he allowed a lot of civilians die by not putting them in top priority but only victory against the Indians. In 1874, Custer led an expedition into the Black Hills and announced the discovery of gold on French Creek. Custers announcement triggered the Black Hills Gold Rush and gave rise to the lawless town of Deadwood, South Dakota. Long Hair Custer was one of the army commanders most hated by the Plains Indians. He had a reputation as a ruthless Indian fighter amongst the Indians. Custers motives political ambitions (campaign that went wrong) Custer only had certain political ambitions and they were only related to himself and his glory. Looking at his early career, you can tell that he was only concerned with himself and that all he wanted was to be in the army, be in command; above everyone else and be very popular and a glamorous and brave fighter. His presidential ambitions were clear; he wanted to be quite high in the rank –General. He was only promoted due to his bravery and reckless courage, not necessary anything else such as being a good leader. Although in truth, Custer was a brave and bold man who was reckless, but I think he over exaggerated on him being heroic. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of General Sheridans plan General Sheridan’s plan was to have three columns starting at different points, and each meeting the Indian camp from all directions in order to surround them and take them out. The plans strength was that, I theory, if all three columns arrived at the camp at the same time. The Sioux would be trapped and the US army would have a big advantage. Also each column had a lot of men and would be carrying powerful gattling guns. But there are some weaknesses in the plan. Firstly there was no effective communication between Terry and Crook. When they started the three columns were 300-500 km away from the Indians, which led to the likely hood that they would reach at different times. Also, they didn’t seriously make an effort to find out how Many Indians there are and what they would be up against. Disobeying orders, what was the military significance of this? Custer disobeying orders was one of the reasons why the plan fell apart and why Custer and his column were annihilated. The plan was that he would encircle the wolf mountains, but since instead he cut through the mountains and ended up arriving a day early with a many of exhausted men, this was a big mistake. The problem is that it wasn’t as planned and was unnecessary to do so, so it caused problems and the Indians ended up spotting them, and Custer 7th cavalry having to fight the entire Sioux tribe by himself. So Custer ended up being on his own with out the reinforcements of Terry and Gibbon. Dividing his forces Reno/Benteen (also, they dug in and survived) Custer divided up his force into three smaller forces. Reno took 125 men, Benteen 125 and Custer himself took 260. They split up and tried to surround the Indians like in Custer’s other successful campaign. But this time it was a failure. This was a big mistake because he did not take into account the number of Indians each group would have to face. So Reno’s men ended up being overwhelmed by the number of Indians, but instead Reno and Benteen’s decision to take up a defensive; saved them. But it was ultimately Custers mistake of dividing them up that led to their defeat as he did no take into account the number of Indians. But also I think that I know what Custer was thinking when he split them up, that since it worked before it may work again. Refusing Gatling guns and reinforcements By refusing the Gatling Guns and reinforcements, he worsened his chance of defeating the Indians. Maybe if he had a 180 more men and especially garaging guns- which would have given him the advantage as the Indians didn’t have them. Also the extra men could have made it equal or slightly better against the Indians. But on the other hand, I understand why Custer didn’t take them, because he thought it would slow him down too much. Taking a reporter The fact that he took a reporter along with him, to make sure that everyone knows his glory tells me that he is very attention seeking. But by bringing a reporter, this simply led to the opposite of what Custer intended to happen. Instead his humiliating defeat was reported which gave him a very bad image amongst the public. But I can understand why he would bring one- since it was in his nature to be bashful and boastful, I can understand why he would want his successes reported. Fighting in difficult terrain By leading his troops across the river and into the quicksand, this gave a chance for the Indians to attack them when they went for higher ground. This meant the end for Custer troops as the attack of Crazy Horse was so overwhelming that without Reno’s and Benteen’s help, they were done for. But Custer wouldn’t have known that the river was uncross able and that there was quick sand, so this was just an unlucky mistake. Attacking with tired men This was in a way Custers fault, by attacking immediately after they had finished a log argues journey- which meant that all his men and horse were exhausted. They wouldn’t have had enough energy to fight well or properly, which may be one of the reasons why they were easily defeated. Also since he allowed the men to light fires, which effectively gave them selves away to the Indians, lost the element of surprise. In addition to that, his men could have rested up, wait for the other columns and surprised the Indians with a much better chance of defeating the Indians. Events that were out of Custers control The fighting ability of the Sioux One of the things that Custer couldn’t be blamed for would be the fighting ability of the Sioux. They were determined to not give up their scared land and were prepared to fight for it. But a lot of people underestimated the Indians fighting abilities compared to that of the US army; and that it would be an easy win. Custer can not have had any control over their fighting abilities as it was all to do with the Indians. Custers Luck When Custer went through the river to get to the other side to fight the Indians, he could not have clearly known that that river was uncross able, and that it contained quick sand. It was simply bad luck that that it was dangerous to cross. This led to Custers men becoming more vulnerable and weaker- which meant their defeat. But Custer should have been able to see and check if the water was safe to cross, which may have saved him. The fact that some of the Sioux were better armed than the Seventh Cavalry This was one of the main reasons why Custers men lost during battle. Some of the Indian warriors had better guns- Winchester repeating rifles, while Custers men only had a slightly less powerful gun – the Springfield Single shot rifles .This meant that they had had the upper hand with better and more powerful guns. This was one of the factors that were out of Custers control as couldn’t have known what type of weapons they would have. The number of Indians did Custer know how many there were? One thing that Custer did not know about was the number of Indians there would be. If he had known in advance from the Indian Bureau (who were the only one who could have known how many Indians there were). Then maybe he would have accepted the extra men and Gatling guns and have a better chance of defeating them. But the scouts did inform him that there were too many Indians to take on before the actual battle, but he still decided to risk it. So the fact that there were so many Indians, Custer couldn’t have controlled, but the bad decision to still attack against so many Indians was Custers fault. Tactics used Custer decided to use the same tactics that he used in the battle of Washita, since the use of these tactics showed to be successful, Custer thought that by using these again, he would have a better chance of winning. The tactic to split up the group into three separate groups was, I think quite a good idea, as by doing this, they will try to surround the Indians which I think is quite a good tactic. But it isn’t Custers fault as they were vastly outnumbered 2000 to 600- which was the main cause of their defeat. Conclusion In conclusion, I think that Custer and his actions are the majority if the cause for the defeat at Little Bighorn, but I stress that not all of it was his fault. Though most of the reasons why they lost were due to Custer, Custer cannot entirely be blamed. Other people responsible for factors of the defeat include General Sheridan for his bad and un- through plan. Other people involved included Reno, Benteen, Terry and Sheridan, as they played different roles which affected the battle, Reno and Benteen for example took up a defensive stance when they were under attack form the Indians which saved them, and Sheridan who organised the whole campaign and did not plan it in enough detail. But in my overall view, Custer was the man most responsible more than anyone else, as he made the most mistakes which led to the defeat. To support my answer I have in detail explained all of Custers mistakes that led to a large part of the defeat for many reasons which were , refusing to take Gatling g uns, also disobeying orders, dividing up his men, fighting in difficult terrain, and also attacking with tired men. Also there were some factors out of Custer’s control, which were the vast number of Indians, the fighting ability of the Sioux and also the tactics used by Custer. On the other hand the war was not such a victory for the Indians. In the short-term the end result was that they had won a battle over the US army and managed to protect their scared land. However, in the long term it was the Indians who lost as the US army were out for revenge for their humiliating defeat. Where in the later battle of Wounded Knee, the Indians were defeated and had fully given in to the US and were forced to move into reservations which effectively destroyed their way of life. Finally the belief of manifest destiny was achieved as the rest of the territories became states and the goal to acquire all of the US was achieved.

Frankenstein Support (Mock-Persausive Letter Forma Essays - Fiction

Frankenstein Support (Mock-Persausive Letter Forma Essays - Fiction Frankenstein Support (Mock-Persausive Letter Format) (Author's Note: This was a semi-creative project. We had to address the issues in a persuasive letter rather than a boring ol' report, so please become unconfused as far as the format..) Cal Tech Curriculum Committee: Scientists are all too ready to lock themselves away with their research, unwilling - perhaps even incapable - of seeing the consequences of their actions. It is our duty as their educators to provide them with not only a means to gain knowledge but also insights into the society into which they will ultimately release their findings. Since none here are literary or English majors, it may seem difficult at first to integrate such needed sociological concerns into their current courses of study, so it is our duty to give them easily-reliable examples which parallel with their own course of study, examples that will be memorable. And what better to illustrate and retain attention than a tragedy? I suggest that the Mary Shellys novel Frankenstein be included as a central text in the current Humanities courses required here. The reason Frankenstein may hold more relevance as part of the program than say, a classical Greek play, is the subject matter alone. Hopefully, the literary connections are more likely to be drawn, if we can appeal to the students interests as best as we can. Perhaps then they are more likely to believe that the humanities do have something to do with them. The specifics it also raises about ethics and responsibilities of science speak more than enough of the novels behalf.Many scientists in the far-reaching fields today may feel overwhelmed, perhaps even taking on a Gaudi-esque credo to their respective research. That Spanish architect is quoted as saying that he didnt have time to wonder, that he had to spend all of [his] time working. While this is a commendible work ethic, such a belief can lead scientists to bring the curse to mankind that Einstein warns us against. While a piece of art may incite violence, certain sciences may uncover information that can physically provide the means of violence. Scientists provide the power, they are the vehicles of the force - but it is rarely they who end up wielding it. Governments, companies, and monetary sponsors are those that are really calling the shots, and since they only bought out that technology without acquiring that knowledge themselves, they may prove irresponsible with that power. They have no responsibilty towards it, so it is up to the scientists themselves to determine if the rest of the world is ready for thier data. A common misconception is that the computer industry is out of control - but what is really growing beyond its rights is the monopolization and marketing of those computers. Unwitting engineers have explained to the executives how operation systems work, and now that simplified knowledge in turned against the users. This issue is addressed well in the Frankenstein novel as well. Had Victor taken in his monster and walked it into humanity slowly, instead of abandoning it when it needed him, his creation might just have fit in afterall. Could or should maybe do not even enter the picture. Science will continue to refine itself and go onward in some form throughout our lives. Someone will reach the next step or the higher level, and more will build off of it. However, the best precaution to learning and releasing innovative concepts to the society at the right time is giving our future scientists a wide range of possible scenarios to consider. In the novel, Victor understood how to perform his experiments, he had insights into what had been done in reliable fields before. But based on his seclusion and his obsession, his blind devotion to only his ideas, he could never predict the outcome of his experiment. He had no thesis to work towards. Knowing a bit of biology and chemistry does not qualify one to single-handedly delve into potentially dangerous projects. Why did he do it? Passion, obsession, the need for individual worth? We cannot allow egos to interfere with safety. We also cannot be willing to encourage our students complete withdrawal from society, with the possible loss of their own self to their science. A self-absorbed mind is not as likely to make responable conclusions. We should never sacrifice the individual for the collection of data or the progression of technology, because the progression will never stop. Thrown into motion such as it is, it will continue forward until we reach

Which Promotions Work and Which Dont

Which Promotions Work and Which Dont Im of the mind, these days, that ninety percent of promotional efforts are wasted. The world is choked with books, writers, people fighting to make a living with their words. Anyone can write a book, and anyone can post one for sale. After years of promoting novels, even from a platform such as FundsforWriters, Ive learned a hard lesson: Most promotional efforts do not work. We read blogs and ask for advice, trying to figure out which marketing tools work best. Well, guess KONICA MINOLTA DIGITAL CAMERA what? Any tool being touted as the best, any trick being shouted as effective, or any method being taught as the way to sell the most books . . . does not work. Why? Because everybody wants to do what works, and if everybody is doing it, then it becomes white noise and it quits working. Those people telling you the best way to sell are making more money telling you how to sell than selling their own books, unless they are selling how-to-sell books. Who wants to be a party to feeding that monster? Twitter is clogged with people shouting to buy their book. Sit back and watch your Twitter feed. Its been proven that saying buy my book never works, yet thousands continue to spew it. Facebook has groups that do nothing but post books for sale, and a zillion people keep posting their books on those groups like they are going to sell those books to all those other authors trying to sell their books. Goodreads is noisy with readers and authors trying to figure out what to do with Goodreads. Nobody has been able to say theyve made tons of sales via Goodreads. Do the Google search if you dont believe me. The bottom line is there is no one way to promote yourself, but you better be sure of the following no matter how you go about marketing: 1) Whatever you do has to be original, or originally implemented. 2) You better write a lot of books, because for someone to like you, they have to know they can binge on you if they find you interesting (a la Netflix Syndrome). Having one book only pisses them off. 3) You best be genuine in whatever you do. Its just so sad to see writers travel from event to event, sitting at lines of tables, in a room of several dozen authors, thinking they will stand out. They might as well be hiding. Quit asking others what they did, because its already been done. Quit following the crowds. Write your books. Promote in a manner that makes you feel good about yourself. And finally, be yourself. Readers are hungry for fresh and real. Thats hard to find because everyone is struggling so hard to be like everyone else. Get real.

Antoines' Mezzetin and Carvaggio's Luteplayer Essay

Antoines' Mezzetin and Carvaggio's Luteplayer - Essay Example The essay "Antoines' Mezzetin and Carvaggio's Luteplayer" compares two painting, Mezzetin and the Lute player. Lute player painting is mainly extended loan to the underlying Metropolitan Museum of the Art from the private gathering. It possesses two pictures that mainly depict soft facial features and corresponding unusually pensive expression beneath sharply drawn broad. Lute player painting utilizes distinctive classical forms, which are used in books, valuable objects and oil painting and mainly characterized by soft colors and corresponding curvy lines. It mainly signifies scenes of adoration, nature, affectionate events, light-hearted theatre and youth. Antoines' Mezzetin mainly possess doctrines of classical antiquity of the middle Ages handed down to the early modern artist, musicians and writers placed music and love within a venerable and inextricable of the sensual bond. The underlying nuances of music mainly represent sensation and emotion that is erotic embodiment and sen sory signifier of the spiritual and corresponding provisional attunement. The sounding note of the Antoines' Mezzetin possess striking chord of an auditory summons to love, sacred and pleasures. Conversely, Lute player mezzetin’s passion is played out on the strings, seeking musical harmony not only in the music within the discordant soul. Mezzetin does not perform onstage and alone in his personal despair as he plaintively strums his instrument with languish and longing. The works of Watteau offers a close analysis.

Compare and Contrast United States and Japan's Domestic and Essay

Compare and Contrast United States and Japan's Domestic and International Market - Essay Example United States of America is the largest export partner of Japan, where as Japan is the third or forth largest trade partner of the United States depending on the criteria, if the member states of European Union, which are trade partners with the United States, are considered to be the members of one entity or more. The correlation between these two countries in their global as well domestic front has been discussed here under: DOMESTIC MARKETS: The domestic marketing policy of the United States focuses more on the businesses; it focuses on the sectors that every business covers, where as the domestic market policies of Japan focuses on the technology and innovation that can be utilized for the better product development through out the businesses. Japanese system of employment believes in sharing the benefits gained by the employees thus motivating them for better and innovative performance. Whereas, American system more likely focuses on fixed wage system and abrupt termination at w ill, incase of the conduct leading to a loss to the company, such approach proves to be very anti-innovative. In stable domestic markets American style will be beneficial both for the companies and the economies but when it comes to highly volatile and dynamic environment, the Japanese employment system should be preferred. That’s why it is said that the success that Japan enjoys is because of the way it compensates its employees (Dennis et al 1991). These differences lead to divergences in the labor market structure of both the countries as well. After the stock market crash in 1990, Japan suffered a set back in its economy, which took ten years for it to eventually recover, in 2004. After that Japan’s domestic marketing strategy focused on the research and development of the new technology that would be promoted in the public sector, so that all the businesses can prosper. This approach led for the recognition of its innovative techniques in all over the world. As fa r as the comparison for the domestic markets is concerned, United States excels in the traditional research where as Japan has a more innovative advantage over the global market. As compared to the American products, Japanese products and processes, which include semiconductors, automobiles, transistors, optical fibers, high end DVD & multimedia recorders and manufacturing systems, are more innovative and are highly demanded. Manufacturing has been the most substantial element of Japan’s economy since the World War II. Though the monetary value of United State’s manufacturing export is normally way more than Japan’s, but the proportion of the manufacturing export out of the total export is generally much lower than that of Japan. America has been focusing on its automobiles’ industries. After the stock market crashed, it bought the shares of most of the Japanese automobiles companies, which was a proof in itself that Japan had the higher end of technology in that field. Japan’s major exports still comprises of automobiles’ parts. According to an Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Japan holds the second position in the manufacturing sector after The United States of America. Japan had almost 470,000 manufacturing companies which was even more than that of United States (above 350,000). The United States of America’s domestic markets are a very complex paradigm, but

Eastern Religions Essay Example for Free

Eastern Religions Essay As far as the studies of Eastern religions show, the founders and saints of the religions exemplify the central virtues of the community. There is no wonder that this feature characterizes the religions because there is always a thirst for perfection in every community and in every nation. In Indian culture, the main figures are Buddha, Yudhishtira and Arjuna. Buddha represents the virtue of giving up comfort for the highest good and following the Eightfold path (right speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, concentration, view and intentions). Yudhishtira represents the virtues of wisdom and justice. Yudhishtira lived for justice, and patiently suffered humiliation and exile. An important representative of Indian culture is Arjuna whose greatest virtues were morality, duty, the idea of karma yoga, acting with holy indifference. We can conclude that all the mentioned central figures reflect the main virtues in Indian culture because the virtues which are the most valued in Indian lecture have always been wisdom, justice, holy indifference. In Chinese culture central figures are Confucius and Lao Tzu. Confucius represents the virtue of goodness which includes an effective concern for well-being of others, rightness, loyalty, knowledge and trust. On the contrary, Lao Tzu completely disagrees with Confucius’ ethics and represents the ideals of primitive utopia without the corrupting accoutrements of civilization. Thus, Confucius’ ethics rather shows the ideals which are reflected in Chinese culture because high morals and values play an important role in their culture. In our opinion, it’s very important for religions to have a central figure of a perfect person because it gives people an idea that they have to be like him and they become kinder. The readings about the mentioned central figures in religions support my opinion that Eastern religions devote lots of attention to questions of high morals and this makes the nations virtuous.

A Guide to Successful Communication and Study Essay -- teamwork, commun

According to a survey done by a statistical website ‘Nation Master', twenty one out of thirty four OECD(Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development) member countries ranked 14.4% for an average percentage of single households in 2013. To be more specific, the United States, Australia, Canada, Sweden and Japan are the top five countries ranking the highest percentages of population living alone, nearly up to 26% in common. These statistics clearly demonstrate how prevalent phenomenon ‘individualism’ is in recent days. In other words, people nowadays are more accustomed to being alone than being together. The time is now when importance of working together must be highlighted. Particularly, pinpointing an emphasis on teamwork in the universities seems notably demanding. Therefore, it is fundamental for universities to increase group activities for the students on account of three main benefits teamwork can bring; enhancing communication skills, improving lea dership and raising responsibility. To begin with, teamwork provides opportunities for the university students to enhance communication abilities. Teamwork is an activity done by more than one person with a same goal. The more people there are, the more perspectives there must be. In other words, conflicts from different viewpoints of each member are unavoidable in a disparate group of individuals. For example, there was a survey done by Korea Herald toward 522 Korean university students about the most common trouble that occurred during teamwork. 38.3% of the students chose difficult time scheduling for team meetings. 25.5% answered an unsatisfactory division of tasks for each member, and 14.8% pointed out a hardship in uniting opinions among the members. Such data clea... ...cles/teamwork-quotes-and-sayings.html (Master's thesis, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia)Retrieved from http://www.law.unimelb.edu.au/lasc/professional-skills/tips-for-effective-teamwork Maughan, Caroline & Webb, Julian, Lawyering Skills and the Legal Process (2005). "One person households by country", OECD. Retrieved from http://www.NationMaster.com/graph/peo_one_per_hou-people-one-person-households Sompong, Y. (Designer). (2010, November 12th ). 36 ways to build working team [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/bright9977/36-ways-to-build-working-team Stephen, R. (2011, October 11th). Leadership roles and responsibilities. Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership-roles-and-responsibilities.html Tuckerman, Bruce W, ‘Developmental sequence in small groups’ (1965) 63(6) Psychological Bulletin 384-99.

Defining Abnormality Essay

Psychologist, for years have given their theory on normal and abnormal behavior, but all the studies they have done seems to give more evidence to prove what make each individual do what they do and why. In the normal and abnormal behavior we use all research and take all of its studies into consideration and apply it to why such behaviors have occurred. Reading this paper you can see that there are many experiments that challenge the theory of behavior no matter if it’s normal or abnormal. We will clarify some of the challeges as we define and classify both normal and abnormal behavior when we look at the challenges in Culture, gender and sexual preferences/practices and religion. Cultural normal and abnormal behaviors Culture is a challenge to abnormal behavior because these behaviors establish through socio-cultural traditions. The sociocultural perspective explains that abnormal behaviors are a result of family influences and social forces. Similar to the behavioral perspective, socio-cultural theorists believe mental disorders are learned behaviors. They tend to focus on social class, gender, and ethnicity in the explanation of mental disorders. An understanding of one’s sociocultural forces is also taken into consideration concerning abnormal behavior and its cultural challenge. Social forces, such as the media, social change, pressures, poverty, and social institutions are examples of how mental disorders are distinct or classified in culture. Family perspectives challenge abnormalities because they are complex systems. Because families are a representation of stability, any type of disruption could result in an emotional disorder. Culture puts a limit on abnormality because social norms tend to change over time. Cultural relativism holds the idea that normal or acceptable behavior are determined by society. Every society has its own views about what is normal and what is abnormal. For in instance, in the past Greeks thoughts people who heard voices was evidence of divine prophecy, yet today this is a sign of schizophrenia (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Culture bound disorders or abnormal behaviors practiced by a specific culture do not fit into the usual categories of the DSM-IV categories because the practices pertain to a particular group of people (Simons, 1996-2012). Given that the sociocultural perspective explains abnormal behavior is learned; treatment consists of switching the rewards and punishers in the environment and changing the bad habits that causes these behaviors (Learn Maximum, 2011). Mind/body normal and abnormal behavior Abnormal thoughts can have an important impact on the body. The mind/body connection is very strong. Constantly thinking negative thoughts can either perpetuate an already existing illness or bring illness on. Worrying all of the time can bring on anxiety that can cause other problems, such as high blood pressure and heart problems if not treated. Hypochondria are a condition brought about from abnormal thinking. Hypochondria are a disorder where a person thinks he or she has a life-threatening illness, but in actuality, are completely healthy physically. Other symptoms are, worrying about minor problems and linking them to life-threatening illnesses, seeing doctors numerous times to have tests, such as MRI’s and echocardiograms, switching doctors because the current doctor will not diagnose the patient with an illness, constantly talking to family and friends and suspected illnesses, continually checking their bodies for sores and lumps, checking vital signs, such as pulse and blood pressure on a frequent basis, and believing that they have disease after hearing or reading about it. There are several ways to recognize if thought are abnormal and could be hypochondria or if they are normal reactions and are in need of a doctor’s attention. Sometimes symptoms exist in actuality and a doctor cannot identify those symptoms. This can cause anxiety as well that can lead to other health problems. If a person can locate the illness that goes along with his or her symptoms, this usually means that he or she are normal and not hypochondriac. It is important to take an active role in recognizing mental and physical health to get the help needed. Recognizing when it is time to go to a medical doctor or psychiatrist is important to mental and physical health (Mayo Clinic, 2010). Religious normal and abnormal behavior The article of studying the specificity of spirituality: lessons from the psychology of religion discuss how the psychology of religion studies the specificity of spirituality. One major issues is how psychology contributes to the assessment, exploration, and explanation acts and activities of the specificity of religious and spiritual. There have been discussions for a long time about substantive vs. unctional definitions of the scientific study of religion (Platvoet & Molendijk, 1999). A substantive definition of religion is looking at religion as a type of philosophy or a basic understanding of nature and reality, which has nothing to do with our social or psychological lives. Functionalist definitions of religion are people belief either in social life, in society. Spirituality is cultural experiences that consists of different acts and activities in a certain spiritual tradition, which can be normal for some people or abnormal. Psychology of religion is a Western enterprise, in the East elaborate but different psychologist exists (cf. , e. g. , Paranjpe, 1998). Spirituality has different specificity, spiritual acts, and activities which associated to what people consider the act of transcending. One of the tasks psychology has is to comprehend the accuracy of human lives as well as in religion and spirituality, all spiritual acts, and activities are not alike. Psychologists involved in the study of the specificity of spirituality should go beyond with his or her research and understand the peculiarities, such as what they bestow. The clarification they offer for the behaviors and activities are so that people can understand the involvement and the type of meaning they bestow. Conclusion As we have demonstrated the challenges in classifying and defining normal and abnormal behavior because it is always changing and giving new research they have conducted in their study to indicate what is normal/ abnormal and how to identify from each of the behaviors.

Global and regional environmental Essay

People across the globe are being affected by global and regional environmental changes. The drastic environmental problems such ozone layer depletion and climate change are as a result of over consumption, unsustainable life styles and unhealthy patterns of development (Harris, 47). Environmental problems are likely to hit the marginalized and the poor first often with drastic consequences but latter they will also affect the privileged. Unless these environmental problems are curbed they are threatening to cause havoc to the life support systems and the ecosystems. This will therefore lead to an immense and unprecedented crisis for the whole humanity. To achieve sustainable development and the health of the environment it requires drastic changes in the current global order and formulation of the alternative ways of thinking. Within environmental movements there are huge wealth of experiences, ideas and visions of what an alternative environmental sustainable and people oriented societies can look like. Environmental destruction has always been part of the human history (Harris, 48). Throughout time the problems of the environment have been important factors affecting the health of people both at regional and global level. The pressure on the environment has increased enormously as a result of changing scales of the human society increases and development of the technology. This problem is fuelled by the runaway global economic systems which have created over consumption (unprecedented affluence) and enormous level of poverty. The environmental problems now threaten to cause irreversible harm to the ecosystems and increase inequalities on a global scale (Pickering & Owen, 117). Some of the environmental problems are immediate local problems whose their causes can be known and their solutions be identified. On the other hand other environmental problems are incredibly complex and they are often complex to handle. Such environmental problems involve much uncertainty and affect the whole globe and are the result of combined human behavior. These problems are maintained and embedded on the societal structures (Harris, 50). Some critics argue that environmental problems are as a result of the present day population growth especially in the third world countries and natural resources depletion in the highly industrialized countries (Harris, 50). Alarmist argue that the explosive population growth in less developed countries and overexploitation of the non renewable resources by the highly industrialized countries are combining to produce sets of condition which cannot be sustained in the long-run by our finite world. The population problems of third world countries constitute an impediment to social economic development and can pose a threat to depletion of natural resources. However relatively low crude population densities in many third world countries with exception of some few areas they do not produce population pressure on the natural resources (Harris, 52). Most of the third worlds countries have an even population distribution and few urban centers are becoming overcrowded. High rates of population growth in third world countries is as a result of high and constant fertility that have possibilities of reducing mortality due to the improved health facilities. Because of high proportion of children and high patterns of fertility heavy dependence burden is produced within the populations in most third world countries. The heavy dependence implies large expenditures of provision of employment and education for the growing population (Pickering & Owen, 134). Most bureaucrats, economists and political leaders in third world countries especially in Africa argue that third world countries in Africa have abundant resources which have not yet been tapped. They also argue that large area in Africa have not been inhabited and therefore the political question that population growth put pressure on the limited natural resources should not be taken seriously (Harris, 53). There is need for the political leaders, economist and bureaucrats to know the prospect of the third world countries in terms of the resources base that can absorb the population problems of the third world countries (Harris, 54). In comparison to other industrialized countries for example Europe nations the land under cultivation in third world African countries is three times higher per capita, the livestock per capita is two times higher, the grazing land per each unit of livestock is a bout seven times higher while the mineral resources out put of third worlds countries in Africa constitute one tenth of the mineral output of the whole world (Harris, 54). The primary energy resources of the third world countries are enormous which are comprised of natural gas and petroleum product coal and hydro power for example 32 percent of world hydro power which can be exploited, 12 percent of reserves of uranium and 60 percent of thorium reserves are found in Africa third world countries. Despite the abundant resources of the third world countries most countries in Africa are under developed (Harris, 57). It would be a weak argument to suggest that the high population growth in the third world countries is the root cause of their underdevelopment. However the high population growth of the third world countries is an important factor that impedes development. The rapid population growth constitutes pressure on the arable land. Several million hectares of land are being degraded in third world countries (Pickering & Owen, 204). The degradation of land can be linked to population pressure and poverty, values and attitude of people weak tenure systems and land management and drought which often results in over exploitation of the natural resources such as the trees used for fuel wood, overgrazing deforestation and unsustainable agricultural activities. Degradation has decreased land productivity, increased desertification and causes loss of arable land in most third world countries (Pickering & Owen, 206). As a result of degradation in the third world countries there is less food than can be produced in degraded lands and also the availability of biomass is greatly reduced. Land degradation also makes the ecosystems to be less resilient and increases chances of malnutrition and susceptibility of diseases in the local populations. Third world countries like china, Ethiopia, Brazil, Nepal, India and most African countries have caused much of environmental degradation. In recent time the respective government has began to introduce policies to minimize the extensive environmental degradation that their countries are facing (Pickering & Owen, 213). The environmental policies have been developed soon after formation of and applying pressure by several activist groups in the field of environment. Initially before the activist groups applied pressure the governments in the third world countries did not see any needs to develop environmental policies. Environmental degradation is only the problem of the third world countries and most often thirds world countries have make do with what they owns and usually they compete with large populations (Pickering & Owen, 208). Once a natural resource for example water is degraded it become of little use to the people. On the other hand western or industrialized countries have a higher standard of living than third world countries or less developed countries. In developed countries the communities have access to electricity, clean water, housing, employment, refrigeration, clothing, food, heating, hospital, schools, medicines, machinery, manufacturing, communication and road thus in the process they consume much of the resources (Pickering & Owen, 209). The communities of the third world poor countries do not have access to these things and they rely on what they can hunt, gather or grow. People in the third world countries acquire other things if they have surplus produce to sell and therefore are disadvantaged to gain access to power supply, telecommunication, railways and roads thus becomes difficult to access the few schools hospitals etc and therefore third world countries are not degrading the environment as much as the developed nations (Pickering & Owen, 210).

North Face Inc Essays

North Face Inc Essays North Face Inc Essay North Face Inc Essay Discuss the risks to an audit should the client become aware of the materiality thresholds used on audit engagements by the auditing firm. Auditors cannot insist that their clients accept all proposed audit adjustments even those that have an â€Å"immaterial† effect on the given set of financial statements, because most clients would refuse to propose audit adjustments. 1. Discuss the general principles or guidelines that dictate when companies are entitled to record revenue and how the $7. 8 million barter transaction and the two consignment sales discussed in the case may have violated these principles. Revenues and gains are realized when products (goods or services), merchandise, or other assets are exchanged for cash or claims to cash revenues are considered to have been earned when the entity has substantially accomplished what it must do to be entitled to the benefits represented by the revenues. Generally, barter transactions in which a company receives trade credits in exchange for merchandise should be recorded at the fair value of the merchandises given up since the ultimate reliability or economic value of the trade credits is typically not determinable at the time of the exchange. So, even though the exchange element of the revenue recognition principle is satisfied by such a transaction, the realized element is not necessarily satisfied, meaning that any profit on the transaction should be deferred. In the case at hand, there was clearly some question as to the fair value of the excess merchandise that was being sold to the barter company. A conservative treatment of the transaction might have dictated that a loss or write-down of the merchandise was actually the most appropriate accounting treatment for the transaction. . Explain the principle objectives of auditor’s work papers and how these objectives were undermined by Deloitte’s decision to alter North Face’s 1997 work papers. Audit documentation serves mainly to: a. Provide the principal support for the basis of opinion of audit paper work , including the representation regarding observance of the standards of fieldwork, which is implicit in the reference to generally accepted audit ing standards. b. Aid the auditor in the conduct and supervision of the audit. Both of these objectives were undercut by the decision of the Deloitte auditors to alter North Face’s 1997 audit workpapers. First, by modifying the 1997 workpapers and not documenting the given revisions in those workpapers, the Deloitte auditors destroyed audit evidence, evidence that demonstrated that the 1997 audit team had properly investigated the authoritative literature relevant to barter transactions and proposed an audit adjustment consistent with the requirements of that literature. Second, the alteration of the 1997 workpapers affected the decisions made on the 1998 audit. That is, the auditors during the 1998 audit relied on the apparent decisions made during the 1997 audit and thus reached an improper decision on the accounting treatment that would be appropriate for the barter transaction recorded by North Face in January 1998. North Face’s management teams were criticized for strategic blunders that they made over the course of the company’s history. Do auditors have a responsibility to assess the quality of the key decisions made by client executives? Defend your answer. Clearly, major strategic blunders by client management can create an environment in which client executives and their key subordinates have a strong incentive to distort their entity’s accounting records and financial statements. More generally, the overall quality of top management’s decisions affects the â€Å"inherent risk† present during a given audit References: termpapersmonthly. com

How to write a business plan, FM World - Emphasis

How to write a business plan, FM World How to write a business plan, FM World Whether youre setting up a new business venture or want the go-ahead for a project, theres one essential document you need. Robert Ashton gives a step-by-step guide to writing a good business plan. Theres a memorable conversation in the famous Lewis Carroll novel Alice in Wonderland, where Alice asks the Cheshire cat for directions. Unfortunately, Alice doesnt know where she wants to go, stating that it doesnt matter where she gets to, as long as she gets somewhere. This leads the cat to respond that it doesnt matter which way she turns. If you dont have a crystal clear vision of where you want your business to go, youll be as confused as Alice when you hit a crossroads. Your business plan is your road-map. But in order to write it, you have to decide what you really want to achieve. This means youll have to spend time immersed in the strengths and weaknesses of your business, a process which, in itself, has numerous pay-offs. Studying and researching your company helps you to take a critical look at what you have to offer and who your competitors are. This enables you to better navigate the industry minefields and gives you a benchmark against which to measure success. Many people think of business plans as a necessary evil, written only to gain external funding. Instead, look at them as an essential planning tool, whatever your financial situation. Remember, if you dont plan where to go, youre inadvertently planning on going nowhere. Crafting your business plan Heres a seven step guide to writing a winning business plan. Work through each section and youll have an ordered, content-rich document that gets you to where you want to go. Step one Description of the business After the executive summary (see step seven), the first thing youll need is to describe your business. Get started by asking the following questions: What do I sell or offer? And why? Whom do I sell to? What is the history of the business? What is my vision for the future? What is different about the services I offer? What is the legal structure of the company? Think about your audience carefully before you write the description. Ask yourself what words and phrases they will understand and be careful not to include too much jargon. Step two Market research Think about your industry and what you think the future trends will be. Then analyse your competition. Determine what size of the market they hold and then clearly define where you fit into the mix. Step three Marketing and sales strategy Ask yourself why companies buy what you offer and how you plan to sell it. Think about how you are going to reach the organisations that need facilities management support and what pricing plans youll offer. Whether youre an in-house department, specialist contractor or a large multi-service company, therell be a variety of ways to reach prospects. Step four Management and personnel team Many facilities management companies claim that people are their best asset. Think carefully about your management team and outline the background, experience and qualifications of each individual. The people on your team will often make or break your success. Fully evaluate their credentials and look out for any weak skill sets that could be improved with training. Step five Operations Analyse the location of your business, in terms of advantages and disadvantages. Your own premises, production facilities and IT systems must be excellent. Make sure you address any weaknesses in your plan with recommendations for improvement. Step six Financial forecast This section requires you to translate the contents of your plan into numbers. Include cash flow statements, profit and loss forecasts and a sales forecast. Dont forget that if youre looking for funding: you need to spell out how much you need and how youll repay the loan. Step seven The executive summary Leave this until last, even though it goes right at the beginning. Once youve followed all the other steps youre in a position to write this stand alone document, which outlines the key points in your entire plan. Keep it to a maximum of two pages. And remember, some people will only read this section so make it shine. Tip: rather than trying to distil the full document down, follow your original document plan (see Style tips box). Just write less in each section this time (a couple of sentences or a paragraph, rather than several pages). Finally, the ink may be dry but your business and the facilities management industry is constantly changing. Your business plan is a dynamic document, so you need to update it regularly.

Without Prejudice--zhang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Without Prejudice--zhang - Essay Example The theory that applies the most to the TV show, â€Å"Without Prejudice,† is Judee Burgoon’s Expectation Violations Theory (EVT). The process of choosing someone to give $25,000 is based on expectancy, violation valence, and communicator reward valence. Violation valence refers to positive or negative values placed on particular unexpected behaviors. Communicator reward valence refers to the positive or negative attributes put into the encounter and the potential to reward or punish the behavior. The judges in the show had expectancy or expectations regarding communicator characteristics, which are basically comprised of demographics (i.e. race, age, educational background, gender and social class), physical appearance, personality and communication style. The judges made first impressions from how the candidates presented themselves through saying their names and where they are from, which their communicator characteristics affected. Dave, for instance, judged that Jo hn did not seem to need the money because of his physical demeanor. RJ would not give the money to Nancy at first because she is already old. Their prejudice on people’s age and physical characteristics affected their reward valence. The show also demonstrated violation valence and communicator reward valence. JJ showed positive facial expression when she learned that Jack was a Marine, which gave positive valence to Jack. However, when Jack revealed that after his service he got involved in the porn industry, JJ changed the valence into a negative one. Jack’s porn activities violated JJ’s expectancy from him as a changed man, since he became a soldier already. Communicator reward valence resulted to JJ’s judgment that Jack does not deserve $25,000 because his work is â€Å"disgusting.† Learning that Jack is in the porn industry also earned him a negative